Political Science

Undergraduate Journal of Political Science

The California State Polytechnic University, Pomona Undergraduate Journal of Political Science is our department's scholarly research journal, providing peer-reviewed articles and essays from subfields throughout the discipline. Areas covered include American politics, public administration, international relations, comparative politics, public law and political theory. The Undergraduate Journal of Political Science is a student-run journal. 

Instructions for Submissions

Senior Editor-in-Chief 2020:
Sandra Escobar

Junior Editor-in-Chief 2020:
Natalie Kassar

Faculty Advisors:
Dr. Neil Chaturvedi (nschaturvedi@cpp.edu)

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Current Issue: Volume 4, Issue 1, Spring 2020

Previous Issues:

Editors Sandra Escobar and Natalie Kassar, in addition to faculty advisor Dr. Chaturvedi, introduce this volume of the undergraduate journal.

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As the largest system of public higher education in the country, the California State University (CSU) system has for decades served as a testing ground for some of the most relevant developments in higher educational policy. Recent policy developments within the system however has led to a multitude of speculations surrounding its actual objectives. The purpose of this study is to examine the question of to what extent the implementation of Executive Order 1110 impacted the student success levels of Underrepresented Minorities (URM) within the CSU system. In order to approach this question, the different factors conforming to the concept of student success in higher education is first analyzed and defined. Following the establishment of this central concept, this study gains a more meticulous and precise understanding on the effects of this policy, by conducting a sample survey at one of the largest and most diverse campuses within the CSU system. Prima facie results from this data-based analyses indicate a various effects on the levels of college success among URM students. Effects that according to the same data, can potentially expand as more students from these specified groups continue to experience the effects of this policy.

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Online extremism is a progressing global threat which requires the attention of policy makers to mitigate its harmful effects on society. With the capability to instantly access media outlets, both terrorists and extremists have the power to spread dangerous content at a more rapid pace than ever before. This thesis explores the three core policies that are debated among governments – censorship, counter-narrative programs, and media accountability. Through data analysis, the successes and limitations of each policy are discussed. This thesis concludes that, amending media protection legislation to include extremist material as unprotected content is the most appropriate policy to implement. Media accountability – as opposed to other policy options – is more practically feasible, constitutionally sound, and will most likely lead to greater security on the general Internet.

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From the current hearings for our potential Supreme Court Justice, Brett Kavanaugh, to our most recent presidential election, contemporary United States politics are drowning in accusations of misogyny and are at times, flagrantly sexist. According to Strolovitch (2017), men, and more specifically, women have not only allowed, but encouraged this discrimination and objectification by sporting then-presidential candidate Donald Trump’s campaign slogans such as “Trump that Bitch” and “Trump Can Grab my Pussy Anytime” across T-shirts and posters alike. This study evaluates how misogynistic language during the 2016 election cycle contributed to the disparity in politics between male and female candidates and if the pornification of female politicians undermines their credibility. In order to quantify this disparity, we will be looking how female candidates’ polling numbers were adversely affected any time explicitly misogynistic language was used against them at a national level.

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This paper will discuss and analyze the onset of the Japanese Asset Price Bubble in the late 1980s. It will also discuss how the perspectives of IPE—specifically Economic Liberalism and Constructivism—can be observed in the Japanese Asset Price Bubble. Looking into events, actions, and norms; discussion on how such an event came to fruition will be the centerpiece of this paper. More so, a connection between how such behaviors and actions relate to the specific perspectives stated led to a complete breakdown of the economic system of the Japanese market. This paper will primarily focus on how Economic Liberalism played a substantial role in creating the crisis as we know it.

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Ethnic conflict towards Sikhs has been a reoccurring issue in India and Pakistan following the separation of Pakistan. Most Sikhs reside in Punjab, India but Pakistan also conflicts with Sikhs, in fact, most diverse minority ethnicities experience conflict within the state. The theoretical explanations concerning ethnic conflict against Sikhs ultimately fall into four variables: events of disobedience or secessionism, economy, culture, and institutions. However, the literature on the Sikh ethnic conflict has resulted in multiple inconclusive attempts to use a single variable to determine an answer. Hence, this thesis uses a process tracing line of action to test the four variables in the two Sikh conflicted states; Pakistan and India. In its testing of different social contexts in each of these two cases, this method allows this thesis to analyze these variables to ultimately distinguish the effects of these four variables.

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During the Cold War, the US prioritized military might by rapidly producing weapons of mass destruction, but nuclear plant production is now focusing on cleaner energy initiatives. Though the shift to cleaner energy alternatives is attractive, nuclear production and waste can be harmful to those living near facilities, especially in cases of reactor meltdowns or radiation leaks. the objective of this study is to examine the extent to which public opinion affects Congressional willingness to approve nuclear repository construction in the United States. This data will be analyzed from a case study comparison of the two most popular projected nuclear repository sites within the United States: the New Mexico Waste Isolation Pilot Plant and the Yucca Mountain repository. The data will mainly be compiled from Federal and State Government reports of geography, legal and policy action, and legislative comparison. The study will also use statewide and geographically localized surveys conducted in potential construction locations indicating citizens’ approval or disapproval towards the sites and accessible collective public response. The results of this qualitative analysis suggest that public opinion plays a significant role in congressional willingness to fund and approve construction. Public opinion also appears to be more influential when echoed by state legislators to federal authorities. This research adds to previous examinations of public perspectives on nuclear repositories and analyzes whether public voices are influential if they are at conflict with global prioritization of cleaner energy alternatives.

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The achievement gap among public school students in the California education system has reached an unprecedented level, directly resulting from the current public-school finance system. This paper argues that this finance system is reflected in the relationship between taxation and educational achievement in both affluent and poor communities. The achievement gap is symbolic of injustice and unfairness and results from the unequal finance system. Using qualitative analysis, this paper argues that the level of school funding impacts students’ performance on the SAT, thereby affecting their chances of attending a university. The research also asserts that the inequality between wealth and poverty does not change across California’s various geographic areas nor according to each school district’s ability to provide high-quality education, unless the funding system is different from each school district. Therefore, there is little to no chance for students, who are not already at the top, to move up the social ladder. Thus, the education finance system is the gateway to unequal K-12 schools in California

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The United States Census is a population and housing count for the country taken every ten years. This is meant to count every person residing in the US, which the federal the government uses to determine how to allocate funds. Additionally, the census also determines the apportion of seats in the US House of Representatives and is used to define legislative districts. Because the Census is individually filled out, there leaves room for a large margin of error. Many people choose to not take part in filling out the census, or they are simply unaware of how or where to do so. The purpose of this study examines why miscounts and undercounts occur when gathering Census data, and why some groups are commonly missed as opposed to others. Those who do not typically partake in filling out the Census have been identified by past scholars as underrepresented communities, low-income families, and those of ethnic minority background. By interviewing employees and community-based organizations who do outreach regarding the census, the question this paper seeks to answer is what the challenges and barriers are these organizations experience when trying to gather accurate Census information.

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is thesis is going to evaluate the crisis in Venezuela and analyze the causes of their democracy backsliding by comparing the country’s timeline and evaluating the different events that have led to the present-day crisis. Many countries have gone through a democratic recession, which has been caused by their economic instability, the choices of their legislative branch, the effects that foreign governments have had on a country and the effects a populist regime has had on a country’s political participation. I will be testing these arguments by assessing data from Freedom House to measure democracy in Venezuela. Additionally, I will be analyzing data sets from the World Bank and International Monetary Fund to see how regime changes have affected the economy, if there is any kind of change. Finally, I will analyze data from the latinobarometer by utilizing the survey data from the people of Venezuela to show whether they have trust in their government and to see if they have made an impact using protest and elections.

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The purpose of this research is to see how immigrants in the United States were treated and what obstacles the immigrant groups had faced depending on their immigration statuses in the United States. This study will find an answer to the research question: How does unequal treatment impact and affect immigrants based on immigration status? The goal of this study will help determine the impact these treatments have towards immigrant groups and what obstacles have affected the immigrant groups from being treated equally.

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In this study, a contrast is made between two counterterrorism strategies used by westernised nations: hard power, consisting of the use of decisive military action, and soft power, consisting of diplomatic strategies and building relationships with the locally affected communities. These approaches are critically analysed to answer the question of: which counterterrorism strategy is most effective? Both approaches are examined through a normative and pragmatic lens, analysing their successes and failures throughout the recent years. The results of this study yield that only through the combination of both hard and soft power can counter terrorist professionals effectively prevent major attacks and destroy international terror threats.

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Recent reports have suggested new terror groups particular to the MENA region have embarked on new efforts to recruit women into their organizations. Although the phenomenon of women engaging in terrorist activity dates back centuries, this kind of deliberate recruitment does not. This study takes stock of prejudices about men and women worldwide, that have served to profit such groups in penetrating security mechanisms currently in place. The landscape of gender inequities among the countries most threatened by terrorist activity—in combination with the weight of push and pull factors relative to women–outlined by notable female security experts, is examined. The resulting data concludes the new emergence is unique and potentially sustainable, contributing to the discourse challenging myths that generalize men as perpetrators and women as victims in addition to identifying breaches in security through culturally induced stereotypes.

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